Senior Cave Explorer

(1) Have taken part in at least 5 caving explorations under the guidance of an experienced leader, comprising a minimum of 20 caving hours, produce a log book of explorations.

(2) Discuss kit, including ropes and rope and metal ladders, belays and belaying, and personal kit including clothes, boots, lights, food and best method of carrying food.

(3) Show knowledge of normal safety precautions and of rescue organisations in own area. Demonstrate method of removal of injured person.

(4) Know the main principles of cave formation and describe 2 of the better-known systems.

(5) Discuss geological and mineralogical aspects, fossilisation and formation of stalactites and stalagmites.

(6) During a caving exploration demonstrate:
(a) Making the head of a rope ladder fast.
(b) How to climb up and down a rope ladder not less than 7.5m, (25 ft) long.
(c) How to join 2 lengths of rope ladder.
(d) How to belay himself and work a lifeline.